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Niclosamide is being studied in a number of types of cancer.^[14] Niclosamide along with oxyclozanide, another anti-tapeworm drug, was found in a 2015 study to display "strong in vivo and in vitro activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)".^[15]

Various studies have shown that Niclosamide has the potential to counteract various viral infections, at least in experimental conditions. For instance, it has been shown that it impairs the replication of Hepatitis E virus.^[16] On July 1, 2020, Danish biotech company UNION started a clinical study using niclosamide in the treatment of COVID-19.^[17]

Another study demonstrated the benefit of a combination of Niclosamide and ivermectin against SARS-CoV-2 activity, showing a synergistic profile, suggesting this combination should be further tested in clinical trials.^[18]

There is another study that investigated the use of niclosamide as a treatment for COVID-19, showing effectiveness against virus replication and associated cytopathicity.^[19]

In 2018, niclosamide was observed to be a potent activator of PTEN-induced kinase 1 in primary cortical neurons.^[20] As PINK1 dysfunction is associated with a form of Parkinson's disease,^[21] this quality makes niclosamide and derivative compounds attractive as research tools and potential treatment avenues for the condition.

References

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 CID 4477 from PubChem

 World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. pp. 81, 87, 591. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.

 "Niclosamide Advanced Patient Information - Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.

 Riviere JE, Papich MG (13 May 2013). Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. John Wiley & Sons. p. 1096. ISBN 978-1-118-68590-7. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017.

 Mehlhorn H (2008). Encyclopedia of Parasitology: A-M. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 483. ISBN 9783540489948. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20.

 World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

 Remingtons's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 16th edition, page 1182

 The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, 14th edition, page 176

 Weinbach EC, Garbus J (1969). "Mechanism of action of reagents that uncouple oxidative phosphorylation". Nature. 221 (5185): 1016–8. Bibcode:1969Natur.221.1016W. doi:10.1038/2211016a0. PMID 4180173. S2CID 4209497.

 Boogaard, Michael A. Delivery Systems of Piscicides "Request Rejected" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-06-01. Retrieved 2017-05-30.

 Verdel K.Dawson (2003). "Environmental Fate and Effects of the Lampricide Bayluscide: a Review". Journal of Great Lakes Research. 29 (Supplement 1): 475–492. doi:10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70509-7.

 "WHO Specifications And Evaluations. For Public Health Pesticides. Niclosamide" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-01-10. Retrieved 2019-08-07.

 "Researchers find new methods to combat invasive zebra mussels". The Minnesota Daily. Retrieved 2018-11-19.

 "Clinical Trials Using Niclosamide". NCI. Retrieved 20 March 2019.

 Rajamuthiah R, Fuchs BB, Conery AL, Kim W, Jayamani E, Kwon B, Ausubel FM, Mylonakis E (April 2015). Planet PJ (ed.). "Repurposing Salicylanilide Anthelmintic Drugs to Combat Drug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus". PLOS ONE. 10 (4): e0124595. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1024595R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0124595. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4405337. PMID 25897961.

 Li Y, Li P, He Q, Zhang R, Li Y, Kamar N, Peppelenbosch MP, de Man RA, Wang L, Pan Q (January 2022). "Niclosamide inhibits hepatitis E virus through suppression of NF-kappaB signalling". Antiviral Research. 197: 105228. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2021.105228.

 GmbH, finanzen net. "UNION Receives Approval From Danish Medicines Agency to Initiate Clinical Study With Niclosamide for Treatment of COVID-19 | Markets Insider". markets.businessinsider.com.

 Jitobaom, Kunlakanya; et al. (2022). "Synergistic anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of repurposed anti-parasitic drug combinations". BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 23 (41). doi:10.1186/s40360-022-00580-8. PMC 9206137. PMID 35717393.

 Braga, Luca; Ali, Hashim; Secco, Ilaria; Chiavacci, Elena; Neves, Guilherme; Goldhill, Daniel; Penn, Rebecca; Jimenez-Guardeño, Jose M.; Ortega-Prieto, Ana M.; Bussani, Rossana; Cannatà, Antonio; Rizzari, Giorgia; Collesi, Chiara; Schneider, Edoardo; Arosio, Daniele; Shah, Ajay M.; Barclay, Wendy S.; Malim, Michael H.; Burrone, Juan; Giacca, Mauro (2021). "Drugs that inhibit TMEM16 proteins block SARS-CoV-2 spike-induced syncytia". Nature. 594 (7861): 88–93. Bibcode:2021Natur.594...88B. doi:10.1038/s41586-021PMC 7611055. PMID 33827113.

 Barini E, Miccoli A, Tinarelli F, Mulholland K, Kadri H, Khanim F, Stojanovski L, Read KD, Burness K, Blow JJ, Mehellou Y, Muqit MMK (March 2, 2018). "The Anthelmintic Drug Niclosamide and Its Analogues Activate the Parkinson's Disease Associated Protein Kinase PINK1". ChemBioChem. 19 (5): 425–429. doi:10.1002/cbic.201700500. PMC 5901409. PMID 29226533.

 "Entrez Gene: PINK1 PTEN induced putative kinase 1

".